Communicative language teaching (CLT) in 1960s which became a dominant language teaching approach in 1970s. Initially designed for ESL context, CLT was applied in English speaking countries where English teachers supported a skill-based, discovery-oriented, collaborative approach to education (Holliday, 1994). When communicative language teaching (CLT) was first developed in the 1970s. Speaking and listening, teaching very little grammar and spending a lot of time preparing activities. In their actual practice, however, they were rarely guided by these beliefs and adopted mainly a teacher-fronted approach with little interaction amongst students.
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